Oxalic Acid Dihydrate (C₂H₂O₄ · 2H₂O) is a crystalline organic compound commonly found in nature, particularly in plants like spinach, rhubarb, and sorrel. It is the dihydrate form of oxalic acid, meaning it contains two water molecules for each oxalic acid molecule. This makes it more stable and solid at room temperature compared to anhydrous oxalic acid.

Oxalic acid dihydrate for analysis EMSURE® ACS, ISO, Reag. Ph Eur

• Identified uses: Reagent for analysis
• Formula : C2H2O4 · 2H2O Molecular weight: 126,07 g/mol
• Pack Size: 500gm
• Brand: Merck
• Made in India/Germany

Chemical Properties:

• Molecular Weight: It has a molecular weight of approximately 126.07 g/mol.
• Appearance: It typically appears as colorless, odorless, and transparent crystals or powder.
• Solubility: It is highly soluble in water, and its solubility increases with temperature.
• Acidity: As a dibasic acid, oxalic acid can donate two protons in reactions, making it a relatively strong organic acid.

Uses:

1. Cleaning Agent: Oxalic acid dihydrate is often used in cleaning and removing rust and stains. It reacts with iron oxide (rust) to form soluble complexes, which makes it useful for cleaning metal surfaces.
2. Bleaching Agent: In certain industries, it is used as a bleaching agent for wood and textiles, helping to remove stains and discoloration.
3. Industrial Applications: It is used in the preparation of certain metal salts, such as potassium or sodium oxalates, and the chemical synthesis of other compounds.
4. Tanning: It is involved in some tanning processes due to its ability to precipitate metal ions, especially in leather treatment.

Health and Safety:

• Toxicity: Ingesting oxalic acid or its salts in large amounts can be toxic. It binds with calcium ions to form insoluble calcium oxalate crystals, which can lead to kidney stones or other health issues if consumed in high quantities.
• Skin and Eye Irritation: Direct contact with oxalic acid dihydrate can cause skin irritation or burns. Inhaling the dust or vapor can also irritate the respiratory system.
• Precautions: Safety measures should be taken when handling oxalic acid, including wearing gloves, goggles, and a mask, especially in industrial or laboratory settings.

Occurrence in Nature:

Oxalic acid dihydrate is a naturally occurring substance found in a variety of plants. Many plants produce oxalic acid as part of their metabolic processes. While the body can metabolize small amounts of oxalic acid, excessive intake (via food or supplements) can lead to health issues like kidney stones due to calcium oxalate formation. In summary, Oxalic Acid Dihydrate is a versatile compound with several industrial and commercial applications, but it needs to be handled with care due to its potential toxicity and corrosive nature.